Queer Theory Gender And Gender - 1975 Words

I will be explaining the following; Queer Theory, Radical feminism, sex=gender, biology is not destiny, youth non conformity, hegemonic masculinity, transgender and gender based harassment. I have used these six concepts because they highlight how sexuality and gender are constructed by society. This construction causes a heterosexual norm, which some people do not identify under. I have focused on Queer Theory because it depicts what is considered ‘normal’ regarding gender and sexuality. I also chose Radical theory to show how the construction of gender and sexuality can have a negative effect on women. Queer Theory Definition: Queer Theory emerged in the 1990’s. This theory consists of concepts from poststructuralism, feminist theory, and gay and lesbian studies. Queer theory focuses on challenging the binary surrounding sexuality and identity. (Mann, 2014). Significance: This theory pushes what is considered the heterosexual norm and makes people think out of the box. This theory challenges the concept of ‘biology is destiny’ and scrutinizes the construction of sexualities. This means queer theorists take what is considered ‘normal’ out of the spotlight and focus on concepts outside of the binary. This theory is important for women and gender study students because student of this class need to be able to think intersectionally on many different concepts and apply critical thinking to information that is conveyed to them. Example: Queer Theory allows people to have aShow MoreRelatedHow Queer Theory Destabilises Traditional Ideas Of Gender1798 Words   |  8 PagesWith Reference to Post-Structural Theory, Discuss How Queer Theory Destabilises Traditional Ideas of Gender. In regards to gender, Freud used the term ‘Oedipal Complex’ which hints to the myth of Oedipus who murdered his father and married his mother. This occurs in the phallic stage and refers to one of his more controversial ideas which states a boy’s erotic affection for his mother and conflict with the father as he desires to replace him. To resolve this conflict, the boy must identify withRead MoreQueer Theory And Intersex Individuals867 Words   |  4 PagesQueer Theory and Intersex Individuals Introduction Intersex is a part of queer theory that is lacking in research, but is necessary and has good reason to be included. The link between queer theory and intersex can be analyzed. Intersex individuals may have more difficulty finding fixed and stable identity-categories for themselves. Labeling and queer theory and intersex individuals is also a topic for discourse. Queer Theory Teresa de Lauretis coined queer theory in 1991 (Bell). Queer theoryRead MoreAnalysis Of Foucault And Queer Theory 1211 Words   |  5 PagesIn Foucault and Queer Theory Spargo defines queer theory as a nebulous group of cultural criticism and analysis of social power structures relating to sexuality . It is these power structures and aspects of culture that are responsible for the discourse that creates and informs ones understanding of gender, race, and sexuality. However these aspects of identity do not exist separately from one another, but are constructed in tandem throughout history. These layers of identity inform each otherRead MoreHow Queens I Want to Break Free Video Explores Queerness in Relation to Queer Theory1544 Words   |  7 Pagestheir own sense of identity, that being nationality, race, class, ethnicity, gender or sexuality. In this case, Queen uses music to illustrate the themes of gender and sexuality through their music video I Want to Break Free (1983). This essay will attempt to discuss how Queen’s music video, I Want to Break Free, explores queerness in relation to queer theory. Firstly, I will introduce the ideas and arguments of queer theory through Gilbert Herdt article Same Sex Different Cultures (1997). I will thenRead MoreFeminism : Waves Of Debates Within Feminism Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesGender 208 Assignment 1: Waves of Debates within Feminism Feminism, in simple terms, refers to a collective desire to end the oppression of women. Because oppression takes various forms and affects those who are victim to it in a number of different, yet often connected ways; feminism should accordingly be regarded as a multifaceted set of movements working towards multiple aims and ends. Which is to say that feminism is less a single movement concerned with the oppression of women, and more aRead MoreThe Effects Of Queer Theory On Post Secondary Sport Teams1397 Words   |  6 PagesDRAFT ASSIGNMENT The Effects of Queer Theory On Post-Secondary Sport Teams Shayna Stoymenoff SDS378 Instructor: David Pereira February 29, 2016 The issue of sexuality in sports is highly complex and controversial. Through queer theory, it enables one to challenge traditional and heteronormative assumptions regarding gender and sexuality by reconstructing labels used for sexual identification, emphasizing both physical and mental strength and skill among British male university students and rejectingRead MoreQueer Theory Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesQueer theory derives from Womens Studies and Queer Studies during the early 1990s. Queer theory is said to be related to bisexual and lesbian roles. The main focus of queer theory is to reject the categories of gender and sexuality that we as a society have come to know as traditional. Queer theory is rapidly expanding through more and more findings and studies. What is interesting about queer theory is that it does not just challenge the traditional makeup of society., it challenges what is normalRead MoreWhat is Queer Theory?1029 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Queer theory does not provide a positivity, rather it is a way of producing reflection, a way of taking a stand vis à ¡ vis the authoritative standard†. This quote comes from Thomas Dowson who suggests that the queer remark makes room for reflection while it requires a reflection of ones own self as well as their own involvement. The term queer can be a quarrelsome phrase and one that is surrounded by disregard, triumph and rejection. It mainly concentrates on the imbalance between sex, gender andRead MoreThe Discipline Of American Studies Essay1676 Words   |  7 Pagesretelling of queer narratives in Latinx literature and heteronormative ideology directly links to disciplinary foundations of literary theory, social identity, and cultural conditions demonstrated both in the fields English and American Studies. One specific area of disciplinary focus has been identity emergence and its connection to dominant ideology. Attention to identity emergence in literature has increased in recent deca des, especially as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ) identitiesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Stonewall 1280 Words   |  6 Pageselectroshock therapy, and on the rare occasion, even lobotomies. †¢ Stonewall is a memorable event in queer history, a two-night stand by 2000 lesbians and gays against the police brutality happening to them during 1969, when they demanded their rights as free American citizens. †¢ They are still marginalized today, since it is almost an accepted truth, especially in other parts of the world, that queer people are sick, they are sexual predators, attention seekers, recruiting others to be homosexuals

Children With Intellectual Disabilities ( Id ) - 1673 Words

Historically children with intellectual disabilities (ID) were taught in segregated schools. Over the past two decades inclusive practices, addressing the equality of people with an intellectual disability (ID) has gained recognition through treaties and policies in Australia and internationally (IDEA, 2004; UNCRPD, 2006). School inclusion supports the rights of students with ID to be taught in mainstream schools. During this time researchers have studied the views and attitudes of students towards their peers with an ID and a number have determined that negative attitudes are quite prevalent. Therefore this paper will explore the research related to how students attitudes, beliefs and behavioural intentions can affect inclusion for students with an intellectual disability in mainstream schools. Description and Justification of Topic Choice Inclusive practices have surpassed the integration model and recommends students with ID be taught in mainstream classrooms, providing opportunities for meaningful educational and social experiences. Previous studies have found students with ID experience social isolation, and one of the major barriers to social inclusion is the attitude of non-disabled students (Brown, Ouellette-Kuntz, Lysaght Burge, 2011). This research will focus on whether inclusion has promoted change in attitudes during the last ten years and if students with ID experience positive social interactions and friendships with their peers. Relevant TheoreticalShow MoreRelatedSped Team1094 Words   |  5 PagesGrand Canyon University SPED Team Intellectual disabilities (ID) in education require proper planning, collaboration, communication, accommodations, modified lessons, and detailed individualized instructions. Intellectual disabilities affect many aspect of a person daily life with a variety of emotional, mental, social, and physical characteristics (Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Foundation, n.d.). Intellectual disabilities are also known as mental retardation (National Institute ofRead MoreIs Education For Disabled Children?1202 Words   |  5 Pages Education for disabled children has always been a critical issue because in some places parents were not ready to accept that their children were disabled, and schools also used to keep these students out of the classes. In these situations, disabled children were left behind. That s why in 1975 Federal law, IDEA Individual Disability Education Act took place. According to this law, disabled students from age 3 to 21 can get free and appropriate public education. This paper briefly discussesRead MoreThe Athletes Should Support The Special Olympics1556 Words   |  7 Pagesstanding on a glorious pedestal to riding in the quiet backseat of a car. All she gets to listen to is silence- just because her intellectual disability makes her feel inadequate. The Special Olympics is not only about winning a race or declaring victory when passing the finish line- this charity is dedicated to raising awareness for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) who have been ignored their entire lives. There are as many as 4.5 million athletes in the Special Olympics worldwide, and SpecialRead MoreIntro to Intellecutal Disability1110 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) Introduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) Kimberly Fox Grand Canyon University: SPE-351 May 23, 2013 Introduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) When learning about Intellectual Disability (ID) it is important to explore the subject with people that work with students of ID. The (SPED) special education team placed together for a student in order to determine the students individual education plan (IEP). This SPED team consist of: SpecialRead MoreThe Number Of Youth s With Disabilities876 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Number of Youth’s with Disabilities has Increased Over the years† Youth with disability behavior increase widely over years. Research has proven children with disability have alcohol and drug problem. The issue with youths with disability they have abundant amount of access to drug rather its prescription or illicit.Special education programs reported higher alcohol and substance use than the students not involved in such programs. Disability students has a significantly higher useRead MoreIntellectual And Developmental Disabilities And Emotional Or Behavioral Disorders1256 Words   |  6 Pages Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Emotional or Behavioral Disorders Natasha Hoaglen California State University, Chico â€Æ' Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Emotional or Behavioral Disorders Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Description Characteristics Intellectual and developmental disabilities [ID and DD] are defined as those having â€Å"significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social,Read MoreEssay about Forest gump1423 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Forrest Gump is a film that portrays the life of a man who has borderline intellectual functioning, from when he was young, all through his adulthood. Forrest was the victim of ongoing bullying and abuse from the mean-spirited children in his area. The movie shows the challenges he faced and how he overcame them, some with luck, but others with his ability; despite the fact that he has an IQ of 75. The story plays off in a series of decades in the life of Forrest Gump, a slow-witted yet athleticallyRead MoreStudents With Intellectual Disabilities ( Id )1107 Words   |  5 Pagesstudents with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) in a classroom setting. I had interviewed Ms. Chisolm (Special Education Teacher) for the Jersey City Public Schools District, who works with students of multiple disabilities. Intelligence disabilities (ID) mean the mental capabilities of a child’s knowledge and skills. Intellectual disability can be developed during childbirth or before the age of eighteen. It is imperative for me to know, â€Å"What are the characteristics of students with intellectual disabilitiesRead MoreSignificant Connections for Families of an Id Child1432 Words   |  6 PagesSignificant Connections for Families of an ID Child Alfreda Green Grand Canyon University: SPE 351 June 30, 2013 Significant Connections for Families of an ID Child Children born with disabilities have to face challenges every day, some more than others depending upon their disability. There are four types of intellectual disabilities, mild, moderate, severe, and profound. To determine if a child is intellectual disabled, his or her IQ would have to be tested and an adaptive behaviorRead MoreInclusion: Is it Effective at the Elementary Level? Essays1518 Words   |  7 PagesInclusion is where children classified as Intellectually Disabled (ID) are put into a regular classroom instead of a special education classroom. Previously called mental retardation, ID, as defined by the National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities (NICHCY), is a term used to describe a child with certain limitations in mental functioning, and in skills such as communication, personal care, or social skills. (2011) These limitations will cause a child to develop more slowly than

Process Of Genetic Engineering Applications - 1629 Words

PROCESSES USED IN GENETIC ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS The field of genetic engineering is comprised of multiple different subsets. Some of the specific research subsets of the field include gene therapy, genetic modification, genetic enhancement, and cloning. Gene therapy and genetic enhancement use similar processes to alter specific portions of the DNA, whereas cloning has a more specific method which is different in relation. The basic process of genetic modification will be used as an example to illustrate the technical aspects of research areas like gene therapy and genetic enhancement. In addition to genetic modification techniques, cloning has specific applications in animals. A specific method of cloning, somatic cell nuclear transfer, will be discussed in addition to genetic modification to demonstrate the technical skill associated with this application of genetic engineering. Genetic Modification A classic example of genetic modification is the modification of the bacterium E. coli to incorporate the gene for human insulin. The insertion of the insulin gene into the bacterial DNA allowed for E. coli cells to yield insulin as a functional product. This was a major breakthrough in medicine because scientists were able to isolate the insulin produced from the bacterial cells and use it as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of Type I diabetes. The process of creating genetically modified E. coli is illustrated below in figure XXX. Figure XXX:Show MoreRelatedGenetic Engineering : The Technique Of Producing Recombinant Hybrid Dna By Combining Two Different Strands Of Dna1731 Words   |  7 Pagesthank Abdul Ahad Memon for proof reading my paper. Abstract Genetic engineering is the technique of producing recombinant hybrid DNA by combining two different strands of DNA. The fundamental concept of genetic engineering is gene cloning; the technique of altering the genetic structure of an organism. Gene cloning has four basic processes, namely cutting : the process of isolating the required starnd of DNA, modification : the process of altering the ends of the strand so that they could be attachedRead MoreTaking a Look at Designer Babies1085 Words   |  4 Pagesthis may be the case as scientists and researchers are slowly taking genetic engineering to a whole new level which jeopardizes the uniqueness of the human race. Genetic engineering has rapidly become hardwired into our society since its discovery in the late 1960s. The process involves removing DNA from an organism and modifying that strand of DNA in order to revise the functions or appearance of the organism (Cecil). The process is much like taking pages from two separate books and adding the pagesRead MoreGenetically Altering Our Future Essay1402 Words   |  6 Pagescloning and other ‘morally corrupt’ forms of genetic alteration have raised many ethical, religious, and safety-type questions to be considered. These questions and inquires have resulted in a limited amount of federal grants being dedicated towards this growing industry. Unfortunately, this has been detrimental in the uncovering of significant discoveries that could lead to an extinction of lethal diseases and health problems forever. Human genetic engineering should become a more widely researched andRead MoreGenetic Engineering Research Paper1341 Words   |  6 PagesI. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the past three decades, scientists have learned how to mix and match characteristics among unrelated creatures by moving genes from one creature to another. This is called â€Å"genetic engineering.† Genetic Engineering is prematurely applied to food production. There are estimates that food output must increase by 60 percent over the next 25 years to keep up with demand. Thus, the result of scientist genetically altering plants for more consumption. The two most common methodsRead MoreDna And Ethics Of Recombinant Dna1601 Words   |  7 PagesBIO/410 - Genetics October 23, 2017 Miranda Gauthier Recombinant DNA and Ethics Recombinant DNA technology has become a powerful influence to many fields including medicine, pharmaceuticals and agriculture. Genetic modifications of plants, animals and other organisms have allowed scientists to improve the quality of human life. As genetic engineering continues to rapidly grow, many ethical, social and legal issues arise evaluating the risks and benefits of the number of applications for DNARead MoreDustin Peacher . Engl 1302.C09. Professor Mccovery. April985 Words   |  4 Pagesof Genetic Engineering and it s Ethics How far would you go to save human lives and to progress society for those in need? The benefits of genetic engineering have shown to outweigh the ethical and environmental consequences associated within the field. Genetic Engineering has shown to provide major benefits in the field of medicine and agriculture but is faced with extreme criticism and backlash, specifically on the basis of ethics. To understand the modern concept over field of the Genetic EngineeringRead MoreApplication Of Genetic Engineering On The World1606 Words   |  7 PagesApplication of Genetic Engineering on Taro Adam Mohamed 10/23/2015 Introduction The field of genetic engineering is very promising, pertaining to the future of agriculture around the world. Research in this area is allowing for more and more improvements to the various aspects of a crop such as yield, visual quality, taste, nutritional value, disease immunity, and cold resistance, as well as many other benefits. A further understanding of both the genetics of crops and how to influenceRead MoreGenetic Engineering : The Field Of Human Biotechnology1490 Words   |  6 PagesGenetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is a set of techniques for isolating, transforming, multiplying and recombining genes from different organisms. Simply put, it is the process of manually adding new DNA to an organism. Genetic engineering originated in the 1970s as a result of the discovery of several key techniques in molecular genetics. It is also referred to as recombinant (rDNA) technology. Genetic Engineering enables geneticists to transfer genes between species tha t belongRead MoreBenefits Of Genetically Modified Organisms1199 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Genetically modified organisms come to be through genetic engineering where their genetic material is artificially altered in a laboratory to suit certain specifications. Genetic engineering is a new technology which gives rise to unstable animals, bacteria, and plants which are not naturally occurring and do not come into being through the normal crossbreeding methods as other traditional crops. Virtually every genetically modified crop produced commercially are made in such a wayRead MoreThe Ethical Concept Of Genetic Engineering1157 Words   |  5 PagesThis assignment will discuss the ethical concept of genetic engineering and how it demonstrates its relevance to midwifery professional practice and maternity care. Before analysing genetic engineering and looking at the arguments as to whether it is ethically right, an understanding of what the terms and lawful procedures mean should be determined. In order to construct this assignment, multiple resources were accessed. These resources included analysing books, both hard copies and electronically

The Honda Effect Case Study Essay Example For Students

The Honda Effect Case Study Essay Introduction Honda is a Japan based company and is the world’s largest manufacturer of motorcycles as well as the world’s manufacturer of motor vehicles, producing more than 14 million internal motor vehicles each year. The Honda Motor Company was founded by Soichiro Honda in 1948. In 1959, he opened the American Honda Motor Company, so he could fulfil his dream of building a high performance motorcycle and marketing it globally. The discussion below briefly emphasises on the strategy used by Honda to gain entry into the US motorcycle market. The key differences between the two accounts of Honda’s entry into the US motorcycle market The two accounts of how Honda entered into US motorcycle market differ in numerous ways. There are two approaches to strategies were used by Honda to enter the US market, the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) report clearly shows a deliberate approach to Honda’s strategy in entering the US motorcycle market, while the report Documented by Richard Pascale shows a clearly defined emergent strategy (Mintzberg et al. 2003:152-165). -The deliberate approach which was emphasised by BCG enabled the Japanese manufactures to succeed in many ways. The BCG report showed that the success of the Japanese manufactures began with the growth of their own domestic market. The high production for domestic demand led Honda to experience economies of scale proportion as the cost of producing motorcycles declined with the level of output. This allowed Honda to achieve a highly competitive cost position which they used to enter into the US market. The Japanese manufactures believed that high volumes per model provide the potential for high productivity. They also believe in putting capital back into production and making use of highly automated techniques. Thus, their marketing strategies are directed towards developing these high volumes, hence the careful attention that we have observed them giving to growth and market share. The BCG asserted that the motorcycles available before Honda penetrated in the US market were designed and marketed toward a limited group of people such as the police, army, etc. (Mintzberg et al. 2003:152-165). However, because Honda had a policy of selling, they marketed their product toward the everyday members of the public, rather than the typical confirmed motorcyclists. The bike designed for this target market was a small, lightweight bike that sold less than its leading competitors, which were Harley-Davidson of the USA and Triumph and Norton of UK. Another distinguished characteristic that helped Honda become the leading competitor in its field was the addition of staff members. Honda’s willingness to hire more employees shows how strongly they valued innovation, as they had about 700 engineer and design members, whereas its competitors staffed only about 100 employees. Besides the increased level of hiring, Honda also implemented other strategies such as the developing region by region. Over a period of years they relocated from the west coast of America to the east coast. Along with expanding their market, they also began to focus more on their advertising. A huge investment was spent in on their advertising theme â€Å"you meet the nicest people on a Honda†. This theme in particular disassociated Honda motorcycles from other stereotype motorcycles that had a rowdy image. Richard Pascale (1996) however, disagrees with the BCG report. He emphasises on how Honda used the emergent approach to strategise on entering the US motorcycle market. His report suggests that Honda’s entry in the US market was much smoother and it is what led to their instant success. Pascale (1996) argues that Honda entered the US market at the end of the motorcycle trade season showing their inability to carry out research in the new market. Pascale (1996) also criticizes the assumption that Honda was superior to other competitors in productivity. He states that Honda was successful in Japan with productivity but evidence suggests that the company was not superior, due to the lack of funding from the ministry of finance and the tight budget they had. .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 , .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 .postImageUrl , .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 , .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206:hover , .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206:visited , .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206:active { border:0!important; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206:active , .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206 .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc921fc8c102e7a97abad0512b978e206:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ulysses S. Grant Argumentative EssayIn regards to the BCG reporting that Honda had a deliberate strategy of disassociating themselves from their competitors’ rowdy motorcycle image by following the â€Å"nicest people† advertising policy, Pascale (1996) asserts that it was not an intentional move. Instead, it was a result of the director of sales persuading management that this was the best course. The BCG report found that Honda penetrated into the US market with small lightweight motorbikes. Pascale (1996) however, argues that the idea of designing lightweight motorbikes at low cost was not one of inspiration but one of desperation. He argues that the intended strategy was one of promoting the larger motorbikes because Honda felt that due to Americans preferring large items, they would be more likely to buy a larger bike. The larger motorbikes intended were unreliable, which led to the promotion of the smaller motorbikes. Overall, Pascale (1996) gives the impression that it was through an incidental sequence of events that led to Honda gaining a strong hold in the US market. This was mainly through the unexpected discovery of a large untapped target market while at the same time trying to retain the interest of the current market. Pascale (1996) also believes that an element of luck also helped Honda follow an emerging strategy. Restrictions placed on the funds by the government for the US venture forced Honda to take an alternate route. If they had all the funds necessary, they may well have gone through the normal distribution channels. The extent to which Honda’s apparent strategy was deliberate and/or emergent In order to determine whether the company was following a specific model when entering the US market or not, it is crucial to consider the theoretical side of Honda’s strategy. According to Andrew’s model, there are two stages to corporate strategy, formulation and implementation. Formulation involved looking at the market, competitors and resources and formulating a corporate strategy which would be implemented throughout each process of the organisational structure. This is how BCG viewed Honda, as a corporation, who had looked at the market, formulated a strategy to cope with the environment and pressure of competing in the market and implemented it. Overall, this would make all Honda’s plans and activities deliberate. Pascale (1996) however, viewed Honda as having an emergent approach. This approach shows a realised strategy made up from an intended strategy, together with an emergent strategy, which is not planned but emerges in relations to activities within the environment. Pascale (1996) seemed to think that in Honda’s case, the company’s strategy was emergent and less was actually an intended strategy. By analysing both accounts, it is evident to state that Honda did not just follow one specific strategy, but rather followed a combination of both deliberate and emergent strategies together. Key lessons to be learned from any comparison of the two quite different accounts of the same strategic decision Both accounts have identified numerous key lessons, the following below are a few of them: A company should be able to move ideas from top to bottom and back again, meaning from senior managers to lower managers, as this provides more participation and support from all employees (Johnson, Scholes Whittington 2008). This is one of the abilities of the Honda organisation that was most valued. Advertising to the right target market is also a key lesson to be learned. Doing research on the competitors will help give an advantage and select the right advertising campaign that will capture the target market or segment intended (Johnson, Scholes Whittington 2008) . Innovation is vital to every company. Mr Honda showed his innovative ability by producing better motorcycle engines, and the hiring of additional employees portrayed how strongly they valued innovation, which gradually paid off, leading to success. Companies should do a thorough research and know how to utilize their market position (Johnson, Scholes Whittington 2008). .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 , .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 .postImageUrl , .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 , .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089:hover , .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089:visited , .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089:active { border:0!important; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089:active , .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089 .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u64fd021e909ee2828dc679d63cadf089:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Its Not About School Prayer EssayIn the case of Honda, strengths in design advantages and production methods meant they were able to increase sales in Japan even though at the time there was no organisation within the company. The importance of a company’s culture is also emphasised. Culture has also played a huge role at Honda. This was tested when Mr. Honda sent two executives to the U. S with no strategy other than to see if they could sell something. Studying the culture in the US market and determining what role Honda could play in the same market has benefited the company, and led to its success. Conclusion From the above discussion, it is relevant to view Honda as being a company dedicated to being a low cost producer, utilizing its dominant position in Japan to penetrate into the US market, redefining that market by putting up its nicest people image and exploiting its comparative advantage using aggressive advertising and pricing (Mintzberg et al. 2003:152-165). After all, the weaknesses in an organisation can become irrelevant if the strategy is strong and there is a good leadership, and in Honda’s case, the strategy was strong, thanks to Mr. Honda’s good leadership skills and determination that led to the company’s success. BIBLIOGRAPHY Johnson, G. , Scholes, K. , Whittington, R. (2008). Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text Cases. 8th edition. England: Pearson Education Limited. Mintzberg, H. , Quinn, J. B. , (1991). The Strategy Process. New York: Prentice Hall. Pascale, Mintzberg, Lampel, Quinn, Ghoshal, (2003). The strategy Process: Concepts, Contexts, Case. , 4th edition. Prentice Hall.